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Billerica, Billerica Blog, Chickens, Collectivists, Dictatorship, Politics, Rule of Law vs the Whim of Man, Theater of the Absurd, town meeting
We are approaching Spring town meeting and already the cuckoos are out chirping nonsense on the wind. Article 46 in the pending warrant is a new zoning law proposed to regulate the keeping of hens in Billerica. Jen Croce has spent innumerable hours drafting the warrant in an attempt to cover any and all concerns that others in town may have.
That, however, is the equivalent of Don Quixote battling windmills. No matter what she does or how diligently she plans for each contingency, she will never address them all or satisfy those whose idea of an idyllic home on an idyllic street in an idyllic town. She grossly underestimates the limits of ignorance some people carry with them as a badge of honor.
Government officials are not far removed from reality either. For instance, finance committee member, Michael Moore, according to the Billerica Minuteman, has taken the position that if something is not expressly legal; it is, then, by default, illegal. He is quoted in the Billerica Minuteman as follows:
Repeated sneezing or singing out of tune in one’s backyard is not specifically allowed under the town’s bylaws, so I suppose, technically, they must be illegal activities if their repetition gets to the point of distressing your neighbor’s need for peace and quiet as s/he sits in a perfectly fitted lawn chair, upon his perfectly mowed lawn that cuddles the beautifully shaped foundation of his/her idyllic home, on his/her idyllic street, in the idyllic town of Billerica.
I don’t believe that there is a bylaw for playing CDs in one’s automobile as one washes said vehicle on his idyllic driveway. Is there a bylaw that permits soapy water to run down a private driveway and onto the idyllic, perfectly paved and lined street that is part of the idyllic web of interconnected roadways that draw so many dreamers and utopians to want to live in idyllic Billerica? What about washing an automobile or cutting the lawn dressed only in a bikini for women or a speedo for men? Are they illegal activities as well because the town does not regulate all activities or prescribe a dress code that must be maintained while engaged in such unregulated and unspecified activities?
There are bylaws requiring the limitation of noise generated by automobiles, motorcycles, trucks and even lawn mowers in the idyllic town of Billerica. Massachusetts is notorious for not enforcing noise pollution laws, primarily because the level of noise is too subjective from one individual to another to be of value in gaining a consensus. In Massachusetts, the general viewpoint is that noise only rises to a nuisance level when the amount generated by a vehicle exceeds the level established by the manufacturer. So, unless you go out of your way to install modifications, you generally don’t have to worry.
If that is true, then the same can be said regarding the level of noise made by neighboring children. Have you ever been wakened by the sound of a bouncing basketball at 6:30 am or 7:00 am? How about one being bounced at 10 pm? Unless these children exceed the level of noise making assigned by their creator, they can make as much noise as they wish without fear of legal retribution if we apply the logic of noise pollution laws to children. So, why is it different with chickens? Do they make any more noise than their creator designed them to make? Do they make more noise than a lawnmower started at 7 am on a weekend morning? Do they make any more noise than a snow blower clearing a driveway or sidewalk in the middle of the night? How about the sound of a snowplow or a garbage truck? Are chickens more of a noise nuisance than those other items that frequently encounter people trying to enjoy an idyllic day, on their idyllic lawn chair, that comforts them on their idyllic street in the idyllic town of Billerica? How about the noice and the visual disturbance of passing planes or jets on a clear day, or the rumble of commuter rail trains as they course their way through town?
Insofar as health matters go, chickens carry no more risk to the health of neighbors than the processed chickens (and many other items) those very same neighbors purchase at the market. Unless the chicken owner is breeding animals or eggs for sale, they are exercising their natural right to live their lives as they wish, to pursue their vision of happiness as they wish and to exercise their property rights as they wish.
Chickens have always been raised in Billerica. My grandfather raised chickens for both their eggs and their meat when times were tough. As a boy growing up on Pinedale Avenue (at the top of the hill – small house on the left) I was taught to use a hand axe to decapitate chickens, to pluck and clean them on the outside and hand them over to my grandmother for the rest of the preparation and cooking. I was also taught to manage the coop and keep it clean. There has never been a bylaw in Billerica prohibiting the raising of chickens, the collection and consumption of eggs produced by private chicken ownership, or the private slaughter of chickens for private consumption in the idyllic town of Billerica so far as I can remember.
To claim the keeping of chickens without a bylaw permitting such action is illegal, is the equivalent of saying that a man should be imprisoned for crimes that never happened, but believed to have existed. I would suggest that Mr. Moore read the U.S. Constitution to find where the whims and rules of man are given primary authority over the natural rights of man as they were endowed by his creator. Only an immoral philosophy would assume that if there is no law covering a specific action that such an action is automatically a crime because the law has yet to take away what our creator, god or nature, has given. The very premise is absurd and represents the most egregious disrespect for what it means to at least resemble what is left of the concept of free men and liberty. If you watch the replay of the last planning board meeting when they discuss the “chicken article”, you will see that Mike Moore is not alone in his silly and immoral belief that unless something is specified as a legal activity, that one is engaging in a crime (violationg the unwritten law). He has a good ally in the form of Pat Fleming, who also seems to have never quite got the hang of the Constitution and how the Age of Enlightenment came to bless the America people with liberty and opportunity far beyond those of their global neighbors. Perhaps, if we try hard enough, we can get Hugo Chavez to come to Billerica to help us resolve the whole question of what is legal and what is not. Perhaps, he will share his thoughts on the best way to work on our budget problems as well.
It will be interesting to see how the idyllic members of town meeting handle this issue. Will individual rights that have not proven to be harmful to others win the day, or will the town side with the whim worshiping, immoral collectivists who see liberty as a threat to their planned society of slaves sacrificing to slaves for the ultimate good of no one?
Michael Moore said:
Hi Rick-
The quote attributed to me in the paper isn’t entirely accurate.
The current bylaw says that if an animal isn’t specifically allowed, it is thereby not allowed, hence the proposed bylaw. I asked the Town Planner to clarify this point which he did and that exchange was characterized as what you see in the paper.
I’m in favor of this article.You should know that what’s in the paper is never the full story.
MM
--Rick said:
Maybe I’m just getting too old to be trusted with a keyboard, but having read through the town’s General By-laws (Re-codified and amended under Article 26 of the Annual Fall Town Meeting of October, 2007 and amendments through October, 2010.) I missed the section that Mr. Kennedy and you refer too. (Section VII, beginning on page 41 of the PDF version). There is a definitions section, a pasturing section and a huge dog section, but I found nothing of the nature that lists acceptable animals and unacceptable ones. I couldn’t even find a cat by-law. I also looked at the file entitled “By-Laws Of The Town of Billerica (THESE BY-LAWS WERE REWRITTEN BY COMMITTEE APPOINTED UNDER SECTION 7-9-B OF THE 1979 CHARTER AS REVISED IN 1997…Updated as of the Annual Spring Town Meeting of May, 2008) and found no such statement as well. If you or someone else could give me a pointer to this restrictive language (which I don’t believe will pass any court challenge if tested.), I’d be greatly appreciative.
Michael Moore said:
I believe it would be the Zoning Bylaws… I was originally told about this by Jen Croce so perhaps she knows the exact section but I believe only horses are mentioned so every farm-animal would require mention in the bylaws.
--Rick said:
Here is a by-law I was given by a very nice, reliable and thoughtful person (and confirmed by a couple others). The closest I can get to applying this by-law would be, with a very long stretch of the imagination; the reference to a “slaughterhouse”, if the chickens are also to be used for food other than eggs. Considering that alongside Article VII of the Billerica General By-Laws, I can only see great problems if the warrant is denied. Personally, I would advise not voting on it, doing a lot more research and expecially arranging for and completing a consultation with counsel (private for the applicant – town contracted for those leaders interested in getting a better overall picture). For instance, how does the town justify using what is essentially a building or industrial zoning by-law (also very weak for that purpose as well, in my humble, non-lawyerly opinion) to restrict and potentially deny due process to rationally applied private property rights protected by the 14th amendment, when the very by-law intended to cover and define animals does not? I was please to find out that, at least for now, the SCOTUS still takes a favorable view of individual private property rights and a dimmer view of government intrustion or usurpation of such rights without due process. After Kelo v CT, I kind of expected a deeper erosion of the 14th amendment.
SECTION 5 REGULATION OF USES, BUILDINGS, AND STRUCTURES
A. PURPOSE
This section of the Zoning By-law regulates the use of land, buildings, and structures, including
recontruction, extensions, and alterations thereto, within each zoning district.
B. IN GENERAL
1. The following uses are expressly prohibited: fertilizer plants; junk yards; open air storage of junk, salvage,
unregistered vehicles, and wastes; race tracks; rendering plants; salvage yards; slaughterhouses; group
homes with more than six unrelated persons; manufactured housing; hazardous waste facility; trailer or
trailer camps.
2. All other uses not expressly authorized in this Zoning By-law are prohibited. [Emphasis added]
Jim Mollison said:
I would disagree with the relevance of para B.2. — since agriculture is defined as by-right in nearly all zoning designations (and by definition — agriculture includes both plants and animals).
--Rick said:
I agree that it is irrelevant, but that is the section our illustrious boards and town planner have been using to drive the conversation. Talk about a lack of critical thinking!
--Rick said:
I’m glad you are in favor of the chicken article. That wasn’t my point. My point was that if the by-law actually exists as stated, it is an obscene afront to liberty and worthy of a court challenge. I know other towns have laws regarding the restriction of exotic animals and farming enterprise on undersized land, but those laws generally are accompanied by a reasoned argument of harm and a need to reasonably protect the public or the animal itself (including the owners) from a likely harm. (generally one or a combination of these three essentials are required before being acceptable in a court of law – a high likelihood (proven) of danger to public health, public safety, and animal welfare. This is the standard used to restrict exotic animals (such as lions, chimps, particular snakes, etc). Last time I looked, chickens were not considered exotic. My problem is not with you or your position on chickens; it is on the premise of a law that has been stated as fact, but one I can’t (and hope not too) find. As you may have guessed, I have a problem when government tries to use force (the threat of fines, confiscation of property or jail) to restrict my natural rights without full and proper justifications.
For the record, I had enough of chickens growing up and having worked on a nuclear submarine and sleeping atop torpedoes and various nuclear armed rockets, I’m not particularly alarmed about eating food treated with radiation or other anti-bacterial means. I still love the taste of eggs and of chicken, but the last thing I want to do is raise them. However, if every neighbor on my street wanted to raise chickens and controlled them as one would expect, I wouldn’t have a problem at with them and their ventures at all.
Here’s a reference I use and think makes a lot more sense than what I’ve been hearing and reading about locally: http://www.animallaw.info/articles/ddusexoticpets.htm
Michael Moore said:
I’ve never lived around hens but I’ve lived around noisy dogs. Notwithstanding this community’s roots in farming and agriculture, I expect we’ll hear a variety of points opposing this so it will be interesting to see how the majority votes.
--Rick said:
I agree. In that vein, I sent you an off-list message as a CC addressee that points to established law on this matter and specifically to SCOTUS decisions regarding 14th amendment appeals of denials of due process and other such technicalities that I don’t think the town is prepared to deal with. Additionally, the article being referenced and used by the town and those interested in chicken keeping is not under the “animal by-laws”. As such, I believed the application of that by-law will be determined as inapplicable if forced to adjudication. That information is within the website discussion I linked earlier. Have a great Easter Sunday with the family and friends!
Jim Mollison said:
Mike there is a reference to damage to live stock and fowl cause by dogs in section 2.16 of the By-Laws “The owner or keeper of a dog which has done damage to live stock and fowls shall be liable in tort to the town for all damages so done in which the town has been requested to pay as provided by MGL. Chapter 140 or by this By-Law” so Mike — by inference the By-Laws admits to the legal existence of fowl in the town. There is no By-Law that references rabbits, hamsters or gold fish or a multitude of other animals that people keep. Your insistence that no animal is allowed unless specifically permitted in the by-law is incorrect – However, I can understand how your interpretation would be consistent with your totalitarian socialist mindset. Given your interpretation of the Law any action not specifically permitted in law would be illegal – Think about it!
--Rick said:
In fairness to Mike, he was repeating what he’d been told by the town planner and some others. He’s stated that he hopes Ms. Croce gets to keep her chickens. Like you, I got the impression from the Billerica Minuteman that the thoughts and words quoted were his as no further attribution was made to others. I take Mike at his word and since Easter is tomorrow (I’m not religious, but love holidays with my younger grand-children), I’m making today be kind to everyone day…yep, that includes Democrats and misguided big government Republicans as well.
Jim Mollison said:
Something we can agree on. Though, I must admit I am not sure we need a By-Law to address this. I served on the General By-Law committee several years ago and I do not remember any section that specifically addresses animals other than dogs. But, there is a reference to damage to live stock and fowl cause by dogs in section 2.16 “The owner or keeper of a dog which has done damage to live stock and fowls shall be liable in tort to the town for all damages so done in which the town has been requested to pay as provided by MGL. Chapter 140 or by this By-Law” so this by inference admits to the legal existence of fowl in the town and since no By-Law exists pertaining to the regulation of fowl, cats, rabbits, hamsters …..etc. I see not real reason for this warrant article – but, as it becomes more popular and as we sink economically into a third world country status people will need this option and of course, the Town will want to make sure they get some revenue on it — permits and licenses. Or, maybe a tax on the number of eggs produced per week with a new bureaucracy to inspect and account for the hens and eggs.
As far as Mike’s reading of the by-law — I have not been able to find any statement in the General by-laws nor the Zoning By-Laws that pertains to specifically allowed animals — If he saw it in the by laws then he must be reading some other Towns by-laws because it just is not in the latest version of the by-laws. Besides, the by-laws reference the existence of fowl in the section I referenced. So I am beginning to think the Town wants to be able to issue permits, collect fees and regulate what may become a growing trend to augment the food budget in the near future.
zoning laws — I did a search on animals, agriculture, chickens, fowl and a few other words and found not restrictions — except on the numbers of horses (based on the land area needed per horse).
--Rick said:
We weren’t a third world economy in WWII when victory gardens and raising animals for food on private property were considered prudent lifestyle choices; essential for some. Other than that, I can find nothing to quibble with. You bring up a good point in that if the town hasn’t already looked at State regulations and the rational necessity for them as it pertains to chickens, specifically, those who demand a regulatory by-law without sufficient cause are asking for trouble that we, as a town, don’t need. Happy Easter, Jim!
Jim Mollison said:
Rick,
Happy Easter to you — take care.
Jeffrey R. Parenti, P.E. said:
I wish Ms. Croce luck. Mike is right — there is going to be a lot of people stepping to the microphone wailing about the cackle of hens and spread of disease — just for the fun of opposing a harmless measure. But I am going to give her the benefit of the doubt (which TM should give all petitioners). If she and a few other residents want to raise chickens to save money on eggs, why should TM stand in their way? (Maybe home-grown eggs are healthier, more humane, and taste better than the ones from factory farms.) The barking dog example (as are all of Rick’s suburban noises) is perfect. I also want to second Rick’s acknowledgement of Ms. Croce’s efforts. If we had a 100 more like her, this would be a truly great town.
JRP